Tajikistan's counterterrorism policies were focused mainly on controlling Islam in society and increasing the capacity of Tajikistan's military and law enforcement community to conduct tactical operations.

The latter was undertaken with support from bilateral assistance programs with the international community. While the government maintained a list of banned groups it considers "extremist", the list included several religious groups ⓠ including Jehovah's Witnesses; Tablighi Jamaat, an Islamic missionary organization; and the Salafiya sect ⓠ that the government banned despite a lack of any evidence that members engaged in violent extremist activities.
2010 Terrorist Incidents: On September 22, 23 soldiers were killed when militants in the Kamarob Valley (an opposition stronghold just outside of Gharm in the Rasht Valley) ambushed a military convoy. The Ministry of Defense reported that former opposition commanders Mullo Abdullo Rahimov and Ali Bedaki Davlatov led the attack with a contingent of foreign and Tajik fighters that had slipped into Tajikistan from Afghanistan.
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