Sculptures created in Khorezm in the 1st to 4th centuries AD and objects of the 5th to 8th centuries AD from Pendjikent (60 km from Samarkand), the Soghdian capital, form the pride of the collection.

The most renowned pieces are stone and wooden sculptures, remarkable wall paintings from the ruler's palace, from temples and houses. A 12-metre long mural with a blue ground (from the so-called ‘Blue Hall') shows scenes from the Persian epic of Rustam and continues to impress those who see it today