Loihi Volcano (Seamount) - NEW Hawaiian Island, Hawaii.

Loihi Seamount is an active submarine volcano built on the seafloor south of Kilauea about 35 km from the Hawaii Island. The seamount rises to 969 m below sea level. Loihi is the newest volcano in the Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain, a string of volcanoes that stretches over 5,800 km northwest of this volcano. Location: 18.92 N 155.27 W. Volume: 660 km3. Hawaiian Volcano Stage: In transition between pre-shield and shield stage. The University of Hawaii at Manoa's School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology and researcher Brian Glazer leads an expedition to Loihi, the youngest volcano in the Hawaiian island chain. During July and early August, 1996, the largest swarm of earthquakes ever observed at any Hawaiian volcano occurred at Lōihi Seamount. In response to this event, an initial cruise was dispatched to Lōihi in early August, and two previously planned cruises sailed in September and October on the R/V Kaimikai-O-Kanaloa (K-O-K). Calm weather and a newly refurbished ship combined to provide excellent conditions for documenting the volcanic, plume, vent, and biological activity associated with this swarm. These cruises conducted a total of 15 PISCES V submersible dives, 41 water sampling operations, and 455 km of SeaBeam surveys, and deployed 40 sonobuoys and one ocean bottom seismometer (OBS). The most obvious result of the activity was the formation of a large summit pit crater similar to those observed at Kilauea. Greatly expanded hydrothermal activity was also observed resulting in the formation of intense hydrothermal plumes in the ocean surrounding the summit. SeaBeam surveys documented the bathymetric changes at Loihi summit corresponding to the seismic swarm. Pele's Vents, previously the prime locus of hydrothermal activity at a depth of 980m, has collapsed forming a pit crater (Pele's Pit) approximately 600 m in diameter with its bottom 300 m below the previous surface. In 1996, manned submersible exploration with the Pisces V revealed high-temperature hydrothermal fluids issuing from vents in Pele's Pit but it was too hazardous to get close enough for accurate temperature recording. Return dives in 1997 documented water temperatures up to 200°C and in 1998 the hydrothermal fluids had cooled to about 160°C. Iron-rich hydrothermal venting at Loihi Seamount Summit, Hawaii. Electrochemical profiling and suction sampling microbial Fe deposits at Loihi Seamount, 5000m, using ROV Jason-II. Deployment of a temperature gradient recorder and microbial incubation device 5000m using ROV Jason-II, Loihi Seamount, Hawaii. In the years since then, dives have been conducted on an ongoing basis to monitor activity of the volcano. Nearly 170 submersible dives to the volcano have been conducted by the Hawaii Undersea Research Laboratory since 1987. Hot water spews out of this hydrothermal vent at the "Jet Vents" site in Pele's Pit on Lo'ihi Seamount. This video was taken shortly after the pit collapsed as the result of major seismic activity in 1996. Vent fluid was estimated to be approx 200 degrees Celsius, although the submersible couldn't safely get close enough to measure it. Hot water spews out of this hydrothermal vent at the "Jet Vents" site in Pele's Pit on Lo'ihi Seamount. This video was taken in 1997, one year after the pit collapsed as the result of major seismic activity. Hot water spews out of this hydrothermal vent at the "Jet Vents" site in Pele's Pit on Lo'ihi Seamount. This video was taken in 1998, two years after the pit collapsed as the result of major seismic activity. Continued volcanism is expected to eventually build a NEW island at LOIHI. Time estimates for the summit to reach the sea surface range from 10,000 to 100,000 years! Подписывайтесь на PlataN – самое интересное в мире политики и в православной жизни: http://www.youtube.com/user/PlataNism